How to Calculate Roof Pitch?

How to Calculate Roof Pitch?

In general, the slope of the roof is calculated from the same formula that describes the right triangle (you can find more information about this in the right triangle calculator). You can use the following equations to find the length and slope of the rafter: 

  • chevron² = rise² + run² (from the Pythagorean theorem); 
  • climb/run = height, where height is expressed as a percentage; And 
  • pitch = tan (angle), where angle is the elevation of the roof expressed in degrees. 

If you want to find the slope of the roof in the form x:12, simply calculate the slope, enter this value as an angle or a percentage in one of the fields of the calculator and the results will appear in the slope remaining roof (x: 12 ) field. 

What Is a 7-Degree Roof Pitch?

A roof slope of 7 degrees has an angle of approximately 45° (π/2 radians) or 22.5° (π/4 radians) and will be considered a low slope. Roofs with a 7 degree slope can be made from any material and because of the slight slope they are easier to work than pitched roofs because you don't need to use as many steps. 

Traditional pitched roofs are commonly found in parts of Europe, Japan and Scandinavia, where it often snows. In these areas, sloping roofs prevent heavy loads from accumulating on the entire roof structure, which can lead to collapse or leaks after large amounts of snow fall. 

What Is a 15-Degree Roof Pitch?

A roof inclination of 15 degrees will have an angle of 60° (π/4 radians), also known as a standard household gable roof. Since this type of roof has a low slope, it is easy to construct and is generally suitable for most homes. The cost of roofing on this type of roof tends to vary quite a bit as different materials will affect the price differently; however, they tend to cost about the same as in shallower yards because fewer materials are used to calculate roof angles A and B when calculating roofs with angles between 10 and 40 degrees. 

Benefits of Knowing Roof Pitch in Degrees

Converting roof pitch to degrees offers several advantages:

  • Accuracy: Accuracy provides an accurate measurement of roof heights, allowing for precise calculations and planning in roofing projects. 
  • Compatibility: Degrees are a widely recognized unit of measurement that makes it easy to communicate and compare roof heights across different regions and industries. 
  • Flexibility: Understanding pitch in degrees allows seamless integration with a variety of roofing tools, software, and resources that use degrees as standard units. 

How Does Roof Pitch Affect the Roofing Cost?

Roof height has a big impact on the cost of replacing or installing your roof. The steeper your roof, the higher the installation costs will be. Therefore, this is a very important aspect to consider when choosing the right terrace for your project. The cost of installing a low pitched roof can be about 10% higher than installing a flat roof. Similarly, sloping roofs can be 20-30% more expensive. Installing a roof with extreme slopes can cost more. So if you're considering installing a new roof, it's a good idea to estimate several options before deciding on the one that's right for your design choices and budget. 

Roof Pitch Angle and Slope Factor Chart

Roof pitch is a term used in the roofing industry to describe the angle (pitch) of a roof structure. Typically, the roof slope will be from 0 (flat) to 12 (45°). The slope of the roof is determined by 2 numbers: height and length. For example, if the roof is 6:12, meaning on a 12" length, the roof will increase to 6". This way we can determine the angle of this roof. Usually you'll only hear one number: "pitch 6" for example, as common knowledge in some areas is that this means the roof is 6" (gain) x 12" ( length). 

Type of Roofs

Sloping roofs can be classified into four types: 

  • Flat roof: In fact, flat roofs need to have a slight slope to drain water. These roofs typically have a slope of 1/2:12 to 2:12 (4.2% to 16.7%). 
  • Low slope: Low slope roof with slope less than 4:12 (33.3%). These roofs need special materials to prevent leaks and they can be difficult to maintain. 
  • Conventional Roof: The most common roof slope is between 4:12 and 9:12, the former ratio is 33.3% and the latter is 75%. These are often the easiest roofs to build and the safest to walk on. 
  • Sloped Roofs: Dowels should be added regularly to sloping roofs. Their pitching ratio can reach a maximum of 21:12 (175%).


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